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Esmeralda (opera)
''Esmeralda'' is an opera in four acts composed by Arthur Goring Thomas to an English-language libretto by Theo Marzials and Alberto Randegger based on Victor Hugo's novel ''The Hunchback of Notre-Dame''. It premiered in London on 26 March 1883 at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane with Georgina Burns in the title role and Barton McGuckin as her lover, Phoebus.
==Background==
''Esmeralda'' was Thomas's first opera to receive a full staging. It was commissioned by the Carl Rosa Opera Company following a very successful performance of excerpts from his opera ''The Light of the Harem'' in 1879 at the Royal Academy of Music where he was a student at the time.〔 Alberto Randegger (the musical director of the Carl Rosa company) and the eccentric British poet Theo Marzials co-wrote the libretto. Its subject, Esmeralda, a central protagonist in Victor Hugo's novel ''Notre-Dame de Paris'' (''The Hunchback of Notre-Dame''), had already been the focus of several earlier operas, including Louise Bertin's ''La Esmeralda'' (1836), Alexander Dargomyzhsky's ''Esmeralda'' (1847), and Fabio Campana's ''Esmeralda'' (1869).
In the tragic denouement of Hugo's original novel, Esmeralda dies on the scaffold. However, Marzials and Randegger's libretto gave the story a happy ending, a decision heavily criticised in a review of the premiere published in ''The Theatre'':
That Esmeralda and Phoebus should get married at the close of the fourth act, and live happily for ever after, is all very well from the school-girl novel-reading point of view; but, as a new ending to ''Notre Dame de Paris'', it appears
to me no less revolting than impertinent.〔''(The Theatre )'' (May 1883). "Our Musical Box", pp. 287-290〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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